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Comprehensive Guide · FSRA #13737

Refinancing your Canadian
mortgage — net-of-penalty
guide.

How to decide if refinancing makes sense, compute the prepayment penalty correctly (Big-6 vs monoline IRD), and access up to 80% LTV equity — with the break-even math your bank won't volunteer.

What You'll Learn

Four things this guide
teaches you to do.

The deciding number is always your saving net of the penalty and costs. We run this math first, every time.

Penalty First

Penalty-first thinking

The right question is never 'is my new rate lower?' — it's whether your net-of-penalty savings are positive and how fast you break even. We compute the exact IRD before suggesting anything.

Equity Access

Up to 80% LTV equity

A prime A-lender refinance unlocks up to 80% of your home's appraised value. Renovation, investment down payment, education — fully modelled with no surprises at the lawyer's office.

Debt Consolidation

Consolidate high-interest debt

Moving $30K in credit card debt from 21% into a mortgage at an assumed 4.59% saves roughly $5,000/year in interest. We model annual savings and the amortization tradeoff on every file.

Break-Even

Know your break-even date

Break-even = (penalty + closing costs) ÷ monthly savings. Under 24 months? A refinance deserves serious consideration. Over 36 months? Waiting for renewal is usually better — and we'll say so.

The Process

How a refinance
actually works.

Penalty first, savings second, decision last.
That order matters.

01

30-minute intake call

Share your lender, balance, rate, and maturity date. We pull your exact prepayment penalty — IRD or 3 months' interest, using your lender's own formula — and run the full net-of-penalty math before suggesting anything.

02

Lender selection and approval

If the math works, we present 2–3 best-fit lenders with rate, conditions, and fees in writing. Application, credit pull, and appraisal follow. Written commitment typically arrives within 7–14 days.

03

Legal, funding, and payoff

Your lawyer registers the new mortgage and discharges the old one. High-interest debts settle at closing if consolidating. Excess equity wires to you. Most A-lender files close in 21–35 days from intake.

Is This Guide for You?

Six situations where this guide applies.

Tap any situation below to see how we approach it.

If you’re…

Your rate is 0.50%+ above market with 24+ months left

Monthly savings often cover the penalty inside 24 months. We show you the exact break-even — before you commit a dollar. Waiting for renewal is the honest recommendation when the math doesn't clear.

Run my numbers
If you’re…

You carry $20,000+ in credit cards or lines of credit

Rolling high-interest debt into your mortgage at today's rates can save thousands annually and dramatically improve monthly cash flow. We build the card-closure step into the closing checklist.

See my savings
If you’re…

You need cash for a renovation or investment property

Access up to 80% of your home's appraised value through an A-lender refinance — no private mortgage premiums or second mortgage fees when you stay inside the LTV cap.

Check my equity
If you’re…

You have CRA debt that needs clearing before a lien

CRA debt can typically be rolled into a refinance at most A-lenders if no lien is registered yet. B-lenders can help if a lien exists. Acting early keeps more options open.

Explore CRA options
If you’re…

You have bruised credit or irregular income

B-tier and private lenders can often help — consolidating debt and beginning to reset your credit profile at the same time. We plan the 12–24 month exit to A-lender pricing at intake.

Explore my options
If you’re…

You want equity without breaking your existing rate

A blend-and-extend, HELOC, or second mortgage may be better than a full refinance. We compare all paths side by side with every fee disclosed before you commit.

Compare my options
The Penalty Math

Big-6 vs monoline —
same file, different penalty.

On a $500K illustrative file, the lender type can make a $7,000+ difference in what you pay to break your mortgage.

Illustrative prepayment penalty comparison by lender type on a $500,000 mortgage at 5.49% with 3 years remaining
Lender typePenalty formulaOn $500K @ 5.49%, 3yr left
Many monolines3-mo OR contract-rate IRD~$6,862
B-lendersOften 3-mo only~$6,862
Big-6 banks3-mo OR posted-rate IRD~$14,100

Illustrative only — assumes 5.49% contract rate, 3yr remaining, 5.19% monoline current rate, 6.05% posted rate, 1.50% original discount. Get your exact penalty in writing from your lender before deciding. Use the penalty calculator.

Rule-of-thumb break-even guideline
≤ 24 months
Break-even = (penalty + costs) ÷ monthly savings — our planning guideline, not a lender rule
Model my refi
FAQ

Common questions,
clear answers.

IRD math, equity limits, break-even timelines, fees — answered plainly.

When does refinancing a Canadian mortgage actually make sense?
Rule of thumb: (1) your contract rate is at least 0.50% above current market AND your remaining term is 24+ months, OR (2) you have $20K+ in non-mortgage debt above 8% you can consolidate, OR (3) you need home equity for a defined purpose like a renovation, investment property, or business. We model net-of-penalty savings on every file.
How are mortgage prepayment penalties calculated in Canada?
Most fixed mortgages charge the greater of 3 months' interest or the Interest Rate Differential (IRD). Big-6 banks use a posted-rate IRD, which is often much larger than the contract-rate IRD many monoline lenders use. Variable mortgages typically charge 3 months' interest only. On the same balance, a big bank's penalty can be double a monoline's or more. Your contract and your lender's penalty disclosure set out the exact method.
What is IRD and why does Big-6 IRD penalize so much more?
The Interest Rate Differential (IRD) is the lender's lost interest from re-lending your money at today's rates instead of yours. Big-6 banks compare your contract rate with their current posted rate for the remaining term minus the discount you got at signing. Subtracting that discount lowers the comparison rate, so the gap (and the penalty) gets bigger. Many monolines compare your contract rate with their actual current rate for the remaining term, which usually produces a smaller IRD. In the illustrative example in this guide, the same $500K file costs about $6,900 to break at a monoline and about $14,100 at a big bank.
How much equity can I access through a refinance?
Up to 80% of your home's appraised value with a prime (A-lender) refinance. Example: $900K home × 80% = $720K maximum, minus a $400K existing mortgage = up to $320K of accessible equity. Mortgage insurance isn't available on refinances (the one exception is an insured refinance to add a secondary suite), so going above 80% means a B-lender or private second mortgage, at higher rates plus lender and broker fees. A HELOC can make up to 65% of your home's value, within the same 80% combined limit.
Can I refinance to consolidate credit card and CRA debt?
Yes. Illustratively, moving $30K of credit card debt at 21% into a mortgage at an assumed 4.59% saves roughly $5,000 a year in interest, and converts a non-amortizing balance into something paying down over 25–30 years. CRA tax debt can be rolled in at most A-lenders if no lien is registered yet, or at B-lenders if a lien exists. See our CRA debt page.
Will refinancing extend my amortization?
It can. Most A-lenders allow up to 30 years on an uninsured refinance. Extending lowers monthly payments but increases total lifetime interest. We model both: keeping your current amortization for maximum interest savings OR extending for cash-flow relief. Best practice: extend if needed for budget, then accelerate prepayments when cash flow recovers.
What's the difference between a refinance and a HELOC?
A refinance replaces your existing mortgage with a new one at a new rate. A HELOC is a revolving line of credit secured against your home equity — variable rate, interest-only payments allowed, draw and repay flexibly. Refinances win on rate. HELOCs win on flexibility. Many clients use a combination (readvanceable mortgage). See HELOC.
Do you charge a fee for refinancing?
$0 to you on standard A-lender refinances. The new lender pays us a finder fee (typically 0.50–1.10% of the funded amount). We disclose exact compensation in writing on every file. B-lender and private refinances may carry a brokerage fee — always disclosed before you commit.
How long does a refinance take to close?
21–35 days end-to-end on most A-lender files. Faster (14–21 days) on a clean transfer where the appraisal completes promptly. B-lender and equity-take-out files run 30–45 days due to additional underwriting.
Can I refinance with bad credit or recent CRA debt?
Often yes via alternative (B-tier) or private lenders. CRA debt can typically be rolled into a refinance up to 75–80% LTV with most B-lenders. Bruised credit (sub-600 Beacon) typically requires a B-lender at higher rates but lets you consolidate and rebuild. See bad credit.
The Mortgage Squad Guarantee

We’ll try to beat your rate.
If we can’t, we pay you $500.¹

¹ Rate Beat: eligible Big-6 bank written offers only · same product, term & amount · $500 paid to you or your nominated charity at closing · conditions apply

Find a specialist in your city

IRD penalty math is the same everywhere in Canada, but the lender mix, property values, and break-even timelines vary by market. Our advisors know the local dynamics in every city we serve.